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Research Article
Origin of Li Family of Tuoba Xianbei in China Shows Feat of Harmonious Integration of Ethnic Groups
Deng Shaoyun*,
Qiu Qinghua
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
1-7
Received:
23 November 2023
Accepted:
13 December 2023
Published:
23 January 2024
Abstract: In this paper, the origin of the concept of Tuoba Xianbei Li in China had traced from the phenomenon that the Li family of Dageng Village, Chengshang Township, Xingan County, Jiangxi Province, China, and the Deng family of Jinlian village, Qiqin Town, Xingan County, Jiangxi Province, China, had not intermarry for 800 years. This paper had traced the origin and development of Xianbei Tribe in China, had described the origin of Xianbei Tribe in detail, analyzes the development process of Tuoba Xianbei Tribe, had analyzed the overall reasons and motives of the Sinicization of Tuoba Xianbei Li family in detail, and had expounded the differences and connections between the paternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family and the maternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family. The evolution process and characteristics of the paternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family and the maternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family had been described in detail, and the evolution characteristics of the paternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family and the maternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family had been pointed out, and the evolution history of the paternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family and the maternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family had been highly praised. Emphasizing that the paternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family and the maternal Tuoba Xianbei Li family had evolved into the integration of Chinese ethnic groups and even the integration of ethnic groups in the world, and made brilliant historical contributions to human progress and social development, as well as an excellent historical model and role model worthy of emulation, the author of the article had taken this opportunity, Advocate world peace and human progress and social development.
Abstract: In this paper, the origin of the concept of Tuoba Xianbei Li in China had traced from the phenomenon that the Li family of Dageng Village, Chengshang Township, Xingan County, Jiangxi Province, China, and the Deng family of Jinlian village, Qiqin Town, Xingan County, Jiangxi Province, China, had not intermarry for 800 years. This paper had traced th...
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Research Article
Review on the Relationship Between Mahan and Baekje: The Same Entities with Different Names
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
8-24
Received:
19 January 2024
Accepted:
4 February 2024
Published:
21 February 2024
Abstract: Currently, in Northeast Asia, where Korea, China, and Japan are located, there is still a fierce debate over the extent of the territories in ancient history. This research aimed to prove that Mahan and Baekje, ancient Korean states, were essentially the same entitty only with different names employing new methodologies including comparative analysis of ancient Historical records from Korea, China and Japan, analysis of clans and place names, as well as examination of various inscriptions, stele texts, and genealogical data. The research results revealed that Baekje, referred to as Dongyi tribes in China and as Gudara in Japan was confirmed to be another name of Mahan. Baekje was established as a tributary of Mahan in the ancient land of Daebang and Mahan and Baekje coexisted peacefully for over 460 years, and they even engaged in a division of roles in diplomatic activities. In Tang Dynasty, when Baekje was conquered, King Kim Chun-chu of Silla was appointed as the general secretary of the Yuyi Clan Conquest. The titles of Yuyi and Mahan also appear in the positions of Su Dingfang, which refers to the Mahan forces that existed around the Yeongsan River basin as Yue Zhi. All these facts confirm that Mahan and Baekje were indeed the same entities, merely known by different names in historical Records. The aforementioned research results demonstrate that Mahan-Baekje was a very Powerful political entity spanning the Korean Peninsula, the northeastern region of China, and the Japanese Archipelago. This serves as strong evidence against the claims of China’s Northeast Project and Japan’s theory of the Imna Japan Province, highlighting the historical inaccuracies in these assertions.
Abstract: Currently, in Northeast Asia, where Korea, China, and Japan are located, there is still a fierce debate over the extent of the territories in ancient history. This research aimed to prove that Mahan and Baekje, ancient Korean states, were essentially the same entitty only with different names employing new methodologies including comparative analys...
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Research Article
Features of Monarchical Rules and Succession in the Ancient Near East
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
25-33
Received:
21 June 2023
Accepted:
14 July 2023
Published:
13 March 2024
Abstract: Features of kingship in the Ancient Near East manifested in the use of titles which expressed the relationship between the King and the Divine. The titles in later usage were developed, formulated, promulgated and finally became the royal ideology. The features, therefore, revealed that the concept of Kingship in the Ancient Near East is of divine origin. This paper argues that those features were conceived and nurtured by the Kings, the royal court and palace traditions in order to subject and subdue the opposing voices among their followers especially the opposition group who might had contested for the throne during the succession. The features were used to benefit the rulers and their palace officials. The approaches used in this research to arrive at this argument include historical, descriptive and comparative. Historical approach had been used because the terms ‘features’ and ‘monarchy’ seems to be historical terms. Descriptive approach had been used because grammatical relationship of words were examined. Thirdly, comparative approach had been used to point out how the two kingdoms though years apart but had similarities in terms of their royal ideologies. This research concludes that the features as used by the kings were an oppressive means used by the rulers over their subjects through exaggerating the powers of gods to manipulate the minds of their followers even though the King’s ruthlessness can be seen in the open, especially in enacting decrees and harsh policies on taxations and corveer.
Abstract: Features of kingship in the Ancient Near East manifested in the use of titles which expressed the relationship between the King and the Divine. The titles in later usage were developed, formulated, promulgated and finally became the royal ideology. The features, therefore, revealed that the concept of Kingship in the Ancient Near East is of divine ...
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Review Article
Condition of Women in the Works of Alice Walker During the Post-Colonial Era
Priyanka Sharma
,
Jitendra Kumar Sharma*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
34-39
Received:
16 February 2024
Accepted:
25 March 2024
Published:
12 April 2024
Abstract: This review paper explores the impactful literary contributions of Alice Walker, focusing on her portrayal of the struggles faced by African American women in the post-colonial era. Alice Walker, known as the primary author of subaltern literature, delves into themes of racism, sexism, feminism, and womanism, shedding light on the intersecting oppressions experienced by Black women. Through an analysis of Walker's seminal works such as "The Color Purple," "Meridian," and "Possessing the Secret of Joy," this paper examines the emotional and physical traumas endured by her characters, including Celie, Meridian Hill, and Tashi. The narrative framework of Walker's novels, often utilizing epistolary styles, provides a unique lens through which to explore the complexities of identity, cultural expectations, and societal norms. Furthermore, Walker's portrayal of resilience, strength, and the unbreakable spirit of her female characters serves as a poignant reminder of the ongoing struggles for social justice and women's rights. Through her literature, Walker challenges readers to confront systemic injustices and work towards a more equitable and inclusive society. This review paper contributes to a deeper understanding of the intersectionality of race and gender, highlighting the enduring relevance of Walker's writings in contemporary discourse on marginalized voices and societal transformation.
Abstract: This review paper explores the impactful literary contributions of Alice Walker, focusing on her portrayal of the struggles faced by African American women in the post-colonial era. Alice Walker, known as the primary author of subaltern literature, delves into themes of racism, sexism, feminism, and womanism, shedding light on the intersecting oppr...
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Research Article
The Development Process of Wushu Under the Influence of Wuju Selection System
Li Jun Hua*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
40-44
Received:
6 March 2024
Accepted:
29 March 2024
Published:
10 May 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.history.20241201.15
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Views:
Abstract: Wuju, historically known as Wuke, was began in Tang Dynasty, the second year when Wu Zetian became empress. It was developed in successive dynasties. However, with the invasions of Western colonists in 19th century, the traditional martial arts were clearly no longer suitable for the needs of modern warfare, finally, it was abolished in the 27th year of Guangxu in Qing Dynasty. The abolition of Wuju system caused a fierce debate in the imperial court. Although there is still little research on the influence of Wuju to the development of martial arts in various dynasties, as the earliest main way to select martial arts talents, it has existed for more than 1,200 years in Chinese history and has improved the selection criteria for talents that are adept with both the pen and the sword. Wuju in Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, military martial arts and folk martial arts are the earliest martial arts system in China. The rise and fall, as well as combination of Wuju and martial arts have a profound impact on the history of martial arts. Therefore, the paper tries to explore to the development process of martial arts by explaining the five stages of Wuju: rise, development, imprisonment, prosperity and defeat, then provides a theoretical basis for future scientific research on martial arts.
Abstract: Wuju, historically known as Wuke, was began in Tang Dynasty, the second year when Wu Zetian became empress. It was developed in successive dynasties. However, with the invasions of Western colonists in 19th century, the traditional martial arts were clearly no longer suitable for the needs of modern warfare, finally, it was abolished in the 27th ye...
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Research Article
Educational Training: A Genuinely Historical Concept and a Disciplinary Field Under Construction
María Dolores García Perea*
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
45-51
Received:
11 March 2024
Accepted:
22 April 2024
Published:
10 May 2024
DOI:
10.11648/j.history.20241201.16
Downloads:
Views:
Abstract: Concepts have a polysemic nature, meaning that they are interpreted in different ways, depending on disciplinary fields and diverse elements such as intentions, historical periods, rationalities, life stories, cosmogonies, prejudices, ideologies, among other aspects. In this case, the concept of educational training is not the exception. Therefore, it becomes necessary to build its history and identify the meanings embedded in it by the authors who study it. This will allow to avoid the reduction and restriction of its meaning. The purpose of the present work is to reflect on the concept of educational training with the intention of showing both its polysemic nature and the implications it has with the people who interpret it. It has been prepared considering the results obtained from the research "Educational Training, a concept vitalized by Gadamer" and "The notions of training in researchers", which are based on the statements and privileged axes of analysis of the states of knowledge of the Mexican educational research and recent findings. The work is theoretical, and descriptive analysis is privileged, the approach is interpretive, and it is aimed at identifying the similarities and differences of a set of training notions. It is also based on assessing the degree of involvement between the person as its being trained and the person as it elaborates notions about it own training. Among the results obtained are the following: the concept of educational training is historical because it has been interpreted within different historical periods, disciplinary fields, research perspectives and life history of the people who study it. Also, the notions of educational training developed are characterized by the involvement that the person has when living it and conceptualizing it. The work concludes by stating that the construction of the history of the concept of training is under construction by people interested in the subject. The contributions made through the notions are the references to identify the evolution of the concept and the efforts to enable its original meaning and avoid the reduction and restriction of its meaning by evoking the instrumental meaning.
Abstract: Concepts have a polysemic nature, meaning that they are interpreted in different ways, depending on disciplinary fields and diverse elements such as intentions, historical periods, rationalities, life stories, cosmogonies, prejudices, ideologies, among other aspects. In this case, the concept of educational training is not the exception. Therefore,...
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Research Article
A History of Chinese Scholarship: Cantered on World Islam Religion Studies
Issue:
Volume 12, Issue 1, June 2024
Pages:
52-60
Received:
13 June 2024
Accepted:
10 July 2024
Published:
23 July 2024
Abstract: The sorting out of the academic history of Islamic education abroad should start with the translation of foreign achievements and their introduction and analysis. Undoubtedly, the translation and annotation work of the Quran is the most important. The Quran is a fundamental classic of Islam and a fundamental work in Islamic research. Chinese translations are certainly helpful for this study. Since the 1920s, new translations have been continuously released around the world, and to this day, there are still new translations about to be published. To study the translation and annotation of the Quran, it is necessary to immediately study Islamic law. The research on Islamic jurisprudence in the Chinese academic community started relatively late and has a relatively weak foundation. At the beginning of the research, there were only a few translations that could represent the achievements of educational law research in China. There is no doubt that the sect is Shia and the second largest sect in Islam. In terms of academic research on Shia, Shia research has not received sufficient attention from the domestic academic community for a long time. After the Islamic Revolution in Iran, scholars published and translated works, as well as papers, on Shia studies. Since the 1990s, a large number of works on this topic have emerged. Since 2003, Shia has become a hot topic in the Middle East research center. The study of Sufism is the most unique in the study of Islamic ideologies. Research on Sufism in China can be said to have just begun. Sufism not only injected important spiritual vitality into the development and dissemination of Islam, but also had a lasting impact on its internal trends and movements since modern times. Therefore, Sufism and Islamic law are the two most important foundational topics in Islamic research. From the above achievements, it can be seen that there are several types of research on Sufism in China according to its nature. But the existing achievements are still in the initial stage of academic research and need to be greatly strengthened.
Abstract: The sorting out of the academic history of Islamic education abroad should start with the translation of foreign achievements and their introduction and analysis. Undoubtedly, the translation and annotation work of the Quran is the most important. The Quran is a fundamental classic of Islam and a fundamental work in Islamic research. Chinese transl...
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