Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise; Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine; Aka Joseph; Konan Yao Eugène; Attoh-Touré Harvey; Tetchi Ekissi Orsot; Dagnan N’Cho Simplice

doi:doi:10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise, Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine, Aka Joseph, Konan Yao Eugène, Attoh-Touré Harvey, Tetchi Ekissi Orsot, Dagnan N’Cho Simplice

Published in Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 6, Issue 1)

Received: 27 September 2017 Accepted: 19 October 2017 Published: 5 December 2017

Views: Downloads:

Download PDF

Share This Article

Twitter
Linked In
Facebook

Abstract

As in most of Africa, unintended pregnancy remains a major reproductive health challenge in Ivory Coast. The 3 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in the country in 1994, 1999, and 2012, revealed a decreasing trend in the percentage of unwanted pregnancies: 7.8%, 4.9%, 3.3% in 1994, 1999, and 2012 respectively. However, the percentage of births that were wanted later remained regularly high, around 20% with a pic on 23.8% in 1999. Understanding the extent of unintended pregnancy and the factors associated is crucial to conduct evidence-based interventions and avoiding women’s resort to unsafe abortions. A secondary analysis of the DHS 2011-2012 of Ivory Coast allowed to include 1032 pregnant women at the time of data collection. A bivariate analysis and multivariate was conducted with Stata 14.0 for identifying associated factors with unintended pregnancy. In total, 26.4% of the pregnancies were unintended. Age was not found as a correlate of unintended pregnancy. Women in primary and secondary education categories were more likely to have unintended pregnancy as compared to the no education category (OR (95%CI): 2.0 (1.3-3.1) and 2.1 (1.1-4.0) respectively). Ever use of family planning, high parity (5 children and more), and one as well as two and more deliveries in the past five years were associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95%CI): 2.1 (1.4-3.2), 3.5 (1.2-10.2) and 2.8 (1.5-5.5), respectively). Partner’s desire for less children was also found to be associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95% CI): 1.9 (1.1-3.1)). Women already burdened with higher fertility were suffering from unintended pregnancy. Efforts to increase the use of family planning services among these women should be strengthened.

Published in	Science Journal of Public Health (Volume 6, Issue 1)
DOI	10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12
Page(s)	6-14
Creative Commons	This is an Open Access article, distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted use, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, provided the original work is properly cited.
Copyright	Copyright © The Author(s), 2017. Published by Science Publishing Group

Keywords

Unintended Pregnancies, Family Planning, Associated Factors, Ivory Coast

References

[1]	Santelli J, Rochat R, Hatfield-Timajchy K, Gilbert B, Curtis K, Cabral R: The measurement and meaning of unintended pregnancy. Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 2003, 32 (2): 94-101.
[2]	Singh S, Sedgh G, Hussain R (2010). Unintended pregnancy: worldwide levels, trends, and outcomes. Stud Fam Plann 41: 241-250. Doi: 10.1111/j.17284465.2010.00250.x.Pubmed: 21465725.
[3]	Kubicka L, Matejcek Z, David HP, Dytrych Z, Miller WB et al. (1995) Children from unwanted pregnancies in Prague, Czech Republic revisited at age thirty. ActapsychiatrScand 91: 361-369. Doi: 10.1111/j.
[4]	Adetundji J: Levels, trends and determinants of unintended childbearing in developing countries. DHS Analytical Report No. 8. Calverton, Maryland: Macro International Inc.; 1998.
[5]	Bitto A, Gray RH, Simpson JI, Queenan JT, Kambic RT, Perez A, Mena P, Barbato M, Li C, Jennings V: Adverse outcomes of planned and mistimed pregnancies among users of natural family planning: a prospective study. Am J Public Health 1997, 97 (3): 338-343.
[6]	Forrest JD: Epidemiology of unintended pregnancy and contraceptive use. Am J Obstetrics Gynaecology 1994, 170 (5): 1485-1489.
[7]	Bongaarts J: Trends in unwanted childbearing in the Developing world. Stud Fam Plan 1997, 28 (4): 267-277.
[8]	Kamal M, Islam A (2011). Prevalence and socio-economic correlates of unintended pregnancy among women in rural Bangladesh. Salud Publica Mexico 53: 108-115. Doi: 10.1590/S0036-3642011000200003.
[9]	Kaye DK, Mirembe FM, Bantebya G, Johansson A, Ekstrom AM (2006). Domestic violence as risk factor for unwanted pregnancy and induced abortion in Mulago Hospital, Kampala, Uganda. Trop Med Int Health 11 (1): 90-101. Pubmed 16398760.
[10]	Rosenfield A: Prevention of maternal mortality Network. International Journal Gynecology Obstetrics 1997, 59:S1-S27.
[11]	Tiwari A: The impact of psychological abuse by an intimate partner on mental health of pregnant women. BJOG, Blackwell Publishing 2008, 115: 377-384.
[12]	Afable-Munsuz A, Braveman P: Pregnancy intention and preterm birth: differential associations among a diverse population of women. Perspect Sex Reprod Health 2008, 40 (2): 66-73.
[13]	Exavery A, Kanté AM, Hingora A, Mbaraku G, Pemba S et al. (2013) How mistimed and unwanted pregnancies affect timing of antenatal care initiation in three districts in Tanzania. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 13 (1): 35. doi: 10.1186/1471-2393-13-35. PubMed: 23388110.
[14]	Marston C, Cleland J (2003): Do unintended pregnancies carried to term lead to adverse outcomes for mother and child? An assessment in five developing countries. Popul Stud (Camb) 57 (1): 77-93. Doi: 10.1080/0032472032000061749. PubMed: 12745811.
[15]	National Institute of Statistics (INS) and ICF International 2012. Demographic and Health Survey and Multiple Indicators Clustered Survey in Ivory Coast 2011-2012. Calverton, Maryland, USA: INS and ICF International.
[16]	Grimes DA, Benson J, Singh S, Romero M, Ganatra B, et al. (2006) Unsafe abortion: The preventable pandemic. Lancet 368 (9,550): 1,908-1,919.
[17]	Benié BVJ, Tiembre I, Attoh H, Kouadio ED, Kouakou L, Coulibaly L, Kouakou A H, Saracino TJ: Epidemiology of induced abortion in Ivory Coast, Santé publique du 02/01/2012, volume 24, Avril-Mai, p. 67-76.
[18]	African Population and Health Research Centre: Population and health dynamics in Nairobi informal settlements. Nairobi: African Population and Health Research Centre; 2002.
[19]	Bowers D (2008) Medical statistics from scratch: an introduction for health professionals. John Wiley & Sons.
[20]	Desgrees DLA, Msellati P, Viho, Ekra WC: Resort to induced abortion in Abidjan: a cause of decreasing fecundity? Population 1999, vol 54 N°3 Pp 427-446.
[21]	Guillaume A, Desgrees DLA: Birth limitation among women in Abidjan, Ivory Coast, contraception, abortion or both? Family Planning Persp 2002; 28 (3): 159-66.
[22]	Petersen R, Gazmararian JA, Anderson Clak K, Green DC: How contraceptive use patterns differ by pregnancy intention: implications for counseling. Women’s Health Issues 2001, 11 (5): 427-435.
[23]	Eliason S, Baiden F, Yankey BA, Awusabo-Asare K: Determinants of unintended pregnancies in rural Ghana. BMC Pregnancy and Childbirth 2014, 14: 261.
[24]	Omane-Adjepong M, Oduro FT, Annin K: A multinomial regression analysis of unplanned pregnancies in AhafoAno South District, Ghana. Am Int J Contemp Res 2012, 2: 12.
[25]	Adewole IF, Oye-Adeniran BA, Iwere N, Oladokun O, Gbadegesin A, Babarinsa AI. Contraceptive usage among abortion seekers in Nigeria. W Afr Med 2002; 21 (2): 112-4.
[26]	Onuzurike BK, Usochukwu BSC. Knowledge, attitude and practice of family planning amongst women in high density low income urban of Enugu, Nigeria. Afr J Reprod Health 2001; 5 (2): 83-89.
[27]	Aitken ME, Oconto PI, Andes BAA. Knowledge and perception of emergency contraception among female Nigerian undergraduates. Int Fam Plann Persp 2003; 29 (2): 84-87.

Cite This Article

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise, Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine, Aka Joseph, Konan Yao Eugène, Attoh-Touré Harvey, et al. (2017). Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey. Science Journal of Public Health, 6(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise; Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine; Aka Joseph; Konan Yao Eugène; Attoh-Touré Harvey, et al. Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey. Sci. J. Public Health 2017, 6(1), 6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise, Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine, Aka Joseph, Konan Yao Eugène, Attoh-Touré Harvey, et al. Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey. Sci J Public Health. 2017;6(1):6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12,
  author = {Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise and Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine and Aka Joseph and Konan Yao Eugène and Attoh-Touré Harvey and Tetchi Ekissi Orsot and Dagnan N’Cho Simplice},
  title = {Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey},
  journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20180601.12},
  abstract = {As in most of Africa, unintended pregnancy remains a major reproductive health challenge in Ivory Coast. The 3 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in the country in 1994, 1999, and 2012, revealed a decreasing trend in the percentage of unwanted pregnancies: 7.8%, 4.9%, 3.3% in 1994, 1999, and 2012 respectively. However, the percentage of births that were wanted later remained regularly high, around 20% with a pic on 23.8% in 1999. Understanding the extent of unintended pregnancy and the factors associated is crucial to conduct evidence-based interventions and avoiding women’s resort to unsafe abortions. A secondary analysis of the DHS 2011-2012 of Ivory Coast allowed to include 1032 pregnant women at the time of data collection. A bivariate analysis and multivariate was conducted with Stata 14.0 for identifying associated factors with unintended pregnancy. In total, 26.4% of the pregnancies were unintended. Age was not found as a correlate of unintended pregnancy. Women in primary and secondary education categories were more likely to have unintended pregnancy as compared to the no education category (OR (95%CI): 2.0 (1.3-3.1) and 2.1 (1.1-4.0) respectively). Ever use of family planning, high parity (5 children and more), and one as well as two and more deliveries in the past five years were associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95%CI): 2.1 (1.4-3.2), 3.5 (1.2-10.2) and 2.8 (1.5-5.5), respectively). Partner’s desire for less children was also found to be associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95% CI): 1.9 (1.1-3.1)). Women already burdened with higher fertility were suffering from unintended pregnancy. Efforts to increase the use of family planning services among these women should be strengthened.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download

TY - JOUR
T1 - Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey
AU - Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise
AU - Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine
AU - Aka Joseph
AU - Konan Yao Eugène
AU - Attoh-Touré Harvey
AU - Tetchi Ekissi Orsot
AU - Dagnan N’Cho Simplice
Y1 - 2017/12/05
PY - 2017
N1 - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12
DO - 10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12
T2 - Science Journal of Public Health
JF - Science Journal of Public Health
JO - Science Journal of Public Health
SP - 6
EP - 14
PB - Science Publishing Group
SN - 2328-7950
UR - https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12
AB - As in most of Africa, unintended pregnancy remains a major reproductive health challenge in Ivory Coast. The 3 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in the country in 1994, 1999, and 2012, revealed a decreasing trend in the percentage of unwanted pregnancies: 7.8%, 4.9%, 3.3% in 1994, 1999, and 2012 respectively. However, the percentage of births that were wanted later remained regularly high, around 20% with a pic on 23.8% in 1999. Understanding the extent of unintended pregnancy and the factors associated is crucial to conduct evidence-based interventions and avoiding women’s resort to unsafe abortions. A secondary analysis of the DHS 2011-2012 of Ivory Coast allowed to include 1032 pregnant women at the time of data collection. A bivariate analysis and multivariate was conducted with Stata 14.0 for identifying associated factors with unintended pregnancy. In total, 26.4% of the pregnancies were unintended. Age was not found as a correlate of unintended pregnancy. Women in primary and secondary education categories were more likely to have unintended pregnancy as compared to the no education category (OR (95%CI): 2.0 (1.3-3.1) and 2.1 (1.1-4.0) respectively). Ever use of family planning, high parity (5 children and more), and one as well as two and more deliveries in the past five years were associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95%CI): 2.1 (1.4-3.2), 3.5 (1.2-10.2) and 2.8 (1.5-5.5), respectively). Partner’s desire for less children was also found to be associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95% CI): 1.9 (1.1-3.1)). Women already burdened with higher fertility were suffering from unintended pregnancy. Efforts to increase the use of family planning services among these women should be strengthened.
VL - 6
IS - 1
ER -

Copy | Download

Author Information

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise

National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine

National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Aka Joseph

National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Konan Yao Eugène

National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Attoh-Touré Harvey

Public Health and Biostatistics Department, Medical School, University Félix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Tetchi Ekissi Orsot

National Institute of Public Health, Abidjan, Ivory Coast
Dagnan N’Cho Simplice

Public Health and Biostatistics Department, Medical School, University Félix Houphouet Boigny, Abidjan, Ivory Coast

Download PDF

Sections

Plain Text BibTeX RIS

APA Style

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise, Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine, Aka Joseph, Konan Yao Eugène, Attoh-Touré Harvey, et al. (2017). Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey. Science Journal of Public Health, 6(1), 6-14. https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Copy | Download

ACS Style

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise; Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine; Aka Joseph; Konan Yao Eugène; Attoh-Touré Harvey, et al. Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey. Sci. J. Public Health 2017, 6(1), 6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Copy | Download

AMA Style

Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise, Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine, Aka Joseph, Konan Yao Eugène, Attoh-Touré Harvey, et al. Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey. Sci J Public Health. 2017;6(1):6-14. doi: 10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12

Copy | Download

@article{10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12,
  author = {Kpebo Djoukou Olga Denise and Aké-Tano Sassor Odile Purifine and Aka Joseph and Konan Yao Eugène and Attoh-Touré Harvey and Tetchi Ekissi Orsot and Dagnan N’Cho Simplice},
  title = {Correlates of Unintended Pregnancies in Ivory Coast: Results from a National Survey},
  journal = {Science Journal of Public Health},
  volume = {6},
  number = {1},
  pages = {6-14},
  doi = {10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12},
  url = {https://doi.org/10.11648/j.sjph.20180601.12},
  eprint = {https://article.sciencepublishinggroup.com/pdf/10.11648.j.sjph.20180601.12},
  abstract = {As in most of Africa, unintended pregnancy remains a major reproductive health challenge in Ivory Coast. The 3 Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) conducted in the country in 1994, 1999, and 2012, revealed a decreasing trend in the percentage of unwanted pregnancies: 7.8%, 4.9%, 3.3% in 1994, 1999, and 2012 respectively. However, the percentage of births that were wanted later remained regularly high, around 20% with a pic on 23.8% in 1999. Understanding the extent of unintended pregnancy and the factors associated is crucial to conduct evidence-based interventions and avoiding women’s resort to unsafe abortions. A secondary analysis of the DHS 2011-2012 of Ivory Coast allowed to include 1032 pregnant women at the time of data collection. A bivariate analysis and multivariate was conducted with Stata 14.0 for identifying associated factors with unintended pregnancy. In total, 26.4% of the pregnancies were unintended. Age was not found as a correlate of unintended pregnancy. Women in primary and secondary education categories were more likely to have unintended pregnancy as compared to the no education category (OR (95%CI): 2.0 (1.3-3.1) and 2.1 (1.1-4.0) respectively). Ever use of family planning, high parity (5 children and more), and one as well as two and more deliveries in the past five years were associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95%CI): 2.1 (1.4-3.2), 3.5 (1.2-10.2) and 2.8 (1.5-5.5), respectively). Partner’s desire for less children was also found to be associated with unintended pregnancy (OR (95% CI): 1.9 (1.1-3.1)). Women already burdened with higher fertility were suffering from unintended pregnancy. Efforts to increase the use of family planning services among these women should be strengthened.},
 year = {2017}
}

Copy | Download